Electronic Forms Of Payment Cards - 1742 Words

PAYMENT CARDS INTRODUCTION Payments system all over the world has experienced a period of dramatic change. Consumers, businesses, and government are moving away from paper checks and towards electronic forms of payment. Technological advances and competitive forces are fundamentally altering the payments landscape, with important implications for efficiency, safety, and access. A payment card is a device (embossed plastics) that enables its owner (the cardholder) to make a payment by electronic funds transfer. This is the technology reduced the use of cash to purchase goods and services. Payment card allows the cardholder to pay for goods and services based on the holder s promise to pay for them. The most common types of payment cards are credit card and debit cards. Payment cards are usually 85.60 Ãâ€" 53.98 mm in size, which complies with the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard. They usually also have an embossed card number conforming to the ISO/IEC 7812 numbering standard. A payment card is mostly electronically linked to an account or accounts belonging to the cardholder. These accounts could be deposited accounts, loan or credit accounts, and the card is a means of authenticating the cardholder. The Wal-Mart–Visa/MasterCard â€Å"honor-all-cards† settlement and the proposed First Data– Concord EFS merger is just two examples of the dynamic forces at work in this industry. There are different types of payment cards. These are a credit card, debit card, charge card, ATM card,Show MoreRelatedElectronic Commerce And Its Impact On The Internet And Cloud Computing Technologies1627 Words   |  7 Pagescomputing technologies, electronic commerce is becoming more and more popular. Many people and businesses deal with their payment transactions via the Internet. In a conventional payment system, buyers and sellers transfer cash or payment information through credit cards and checks, however in early electronic payment systems, online payment services must add capabilities to process orders, accounts and receipts. As e-commerce has gradually grown, digital currency payment have become popularizedRead MoreEssay on Electronic Payment System1391 Words   |  6 PagesElectronic Payment System I. Introduction With the continuing rapid growth of E-commerce, transactions on the Internet have been increasing exponentially. And such transactions require some reliable and secure payment systems. In fact, one of the key factors in the success of E-commerce is the development of convenient, reliable and secure electronic payment system. To understand the issues and current activities regarding the developmentRead MoreLouis Wynn D2 Comparing different payment systems I’m going to write a report on different payment1100 Words   |  5 PagesWynn D2 Comparing different payment systems I’m going to write a report on different payment systems used. This will include the advantages, disadvantages, comparison and I will conclude which payment system I would recommend for cuckoo. Payment systems are used by customers and businesses to transfers funds from one account to another account. Advantages of a payment system The advantage of cuckoo having a payment system would be that you easilyRead MoreElectronic Cash and Smart Cards Essay1344 Words   |  6 PagesELECTRONIC CASH AND SMART CARDS Introduction When you go into a store to make a purchase a monetary transaction takes place between a merchant, the provider and the consumer, which is you. Typically you would either use cash, check or credit card. If you are making a purchase less than five dollars it doesn’t seem reasonable to pay with a credit card or write a check. Electronic cash is the solution to this problem regardless how big or small the transaction is electronic cash is a viable alternativeRead MoreElectronic Commerce1202 Words   |  5 PagesElectronic Wallets are Secure Introduction The idea for paying for goods and services electronically is not a new one. The search for more efficient ways of doing business is now driving another revolution in the conduct of business and in our concept of money. This revolution is known as electronic commerce, which is the symbiotic integration of communications, data management, and security capabilities to allow business applications within different organizations to automatically exchangeRead MoreImportance of E-commerce in Modern Business1176 Words   |  5 Pagesof E-commerce 3 E-commerce payment systems 3-4 Importance of E-commerce in modern business 3 Conclusion 7 Recommendation 7 References 8 E-Commerce refers to the buying and selling of products and services over electronic systems like the internet and other computer networks. This system depends on technologies like electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, internet marketing, online transactions, electronic data interchange and automatedRead MoreDexit Analysis1125 Words   |  5 Pagesto launch a wireless payment system as the standard payment method for small dollar amount retail transactions in the Canadian Market. †¢ Company has strong investment financing behind it in the form of two large Canadian banking firms. †¢ Fast 3 second transactions via RFID would create simple convenient transactions that could be tracked easily by consumers. Environment: †¢ â€Å"Big 6† Banks controlled the Canadian industry Current market via issuing Credit and Debit cards and the correspondingRead MoreEcommerce Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesabout electronic payments and the risk of on-line fraud and what it could mean for your business. To finish off this report I will be giving my recommendation, but by then I think you will have already made your mind up whether you want expand your business into the area of ecommerce or not. In the benefits of ecommerce section I will be explaining to you the potential benefits that the world of on-line shopping have to offer to you. Then I will explain to you the many benefits of electronic paymentsRead MoreHow Payment System All Over The World Has Experienced A Period Of Dramatic Change Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION Payments system all over the world has experienced a period of dramatic change. Consumers, businesses, and government are moving away from paper checks and towards electronic forms of payment. Technological advances and competitive forces are fundamentally altering the payments landscape, with important implications for efficiency, safety, and access. A payment card is a device (embossed plastics) that enables its owner (the cardholder) to make a payment by electronic funds transferRead MoreThe Value Delivery Network For Apple Pay Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pagesvalue delivery network is 1st that it is convenient. The same way credit cards and bank cards changed how we carry money and pay for things, Apple Pay wants to take the next step forward. Apple wants to make it so we have one less thing to carry and be more customer friendly. If Apple could have it their way, we wouldn’t be carrying wallets at all and all payments would be made through our mobile devices, rather than by card or dollars. Apple is trying to bring this convenience to their consumers

Machiavellian Perception of Reality Essay examples

Machiavellian Perception of Reality Introduction Written almost five centuries ago during Italy’s era of fractious chaos, Niccolo Machiavelli’s, The Prince became the â€Å"How-To† book for the effective acquisition, governance, and retainment of power over principalities. Within the pages of this political treatise, Machiavelli duly explains the qualities of a successful prince. However, he also explains how the importance of these very qualities affect the prince’s public image and reputation and how these play a vital role in the retention of power while keeping others from conspiring and rising against him. The ideal prince should be virtuous in that in that he should be â€Å"merciful, faithful, humane, religious and upright†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦A respectable reputation is necessary since it parallels public image. The people will judge everything the prince publically says and does, which will then become his perceived reputation by those very people. â€Å"For this reason a prince ought to take care that he never lets anything slip from his lips that is not replete with the above-named five qualities, that he may appear to him who see and hears him altogether merciful, faithful, humane, upright, and religious. There is nothing more necessary to appear to have than this last quality, inasmuch as men judge generally more by the eye than by the hand, because it belongs to everybody to see you, to few to come in touch with you. Every one sees what you appear to be, few really know what you are, and those few dare not oppose themselves to the opinion of the many, who have the majesty of the state to defend them; and in the actions of all men, and especially of princes, which it is not prudent to challenge, one judges by the result† (Machiavelli, Chapter XVIII, 2012). Machiavelli also confronts the reputational risks and concern of liberality and meanness. With liberality, the prince generally leaves the people alone mostly tax-free. Unfortunately, the more generously the prince gives, the poorer he will inevitably become. Thus, he creates the necessity of taxing the people, which fosters resentment among the people. However, Machiavelli states that it is better for the prince to be considered a miserShow MoreRelatedNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1699 Words   |  7 PagesFrom describing world leaders to political antiheroes in television dramas, characterizing someone as a â€Å"Machiavellian figure† is perceived more as derisive description than an accurate representation of that person’s philosophical views of power. This popular depiction is due to Niccolo Machiavelli’s harsh portrayal of the interlaced relationship between power and politics in his treatise, The Prince. Machiavelli begins his work by contending that it is â€Å"more effective† to reveal the â€Å"practicalRead MoreEssay about Machiavellian Concepts on the Use of Fear 1059 Words   |  5 Pagesfea r is the prince’s tool and his alone. â€Å"†¦men love at their own free will but fear at the will of the prince†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Politicians throughout history have used fear tactics with varying degrees of success. For the purpose of my argument I will compare Machiavellian concepts on the use of fear with contemporary examples to prove its benefits particularly in the consolidation of power and promotion of obedience. Machiavelli went to great lengths in his writing to outline rules governing the use of fear.Read MoreArgument Favor Of Establishing A Positive Culture1408 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual is only ever recognized for their mistakes, then it will not take long for that individual to see themselves as only making a negative contribution. They may begin to perceive themselves as a failure. In the world we live in your perception is your reality. If you perceive yourself as a failure you tend to behave as such to meet the expectation set of you. When managers create a negative culture they are effectively setting up their subordinates for failure. In contrast, when managers makeRead MoreClassical Realism Vs. Marxism1544 Words   |  7 Pagesowing Realism its theoretical endurance. Thucydides imparted the standard to which centuries of emerging Realists would adhere: write â€Å"not to win the applause of the moment, but as a possession for all time† (1972, p. 21). The Classical Realist perception of human nature finds its roots in and is perhaps best illustrated by its Renaissance pioneers – Thomas Hobbes and Niccolà ² Machiavelli. Machiavelli held that humans, in their natural state, were guided by a combination of wealth and free will (2000Read MoreMy Leadership Skills At An Early Age2824 Words   |  12 Pagesaligns with their goals. Self-Identity: A Parent, or a Person who Parents Nothing forces someone towards introspection more than countless nights spent trying to no avail to comfort a crying baby while the rest of world is happily sleeping. The reality that I was not a natural born mother and also that I didn’t particularly enjoy every moment of it was not only a surprise, but was deeply disturbing to me. Societal pressures around the meaning of motherhood that came from my parents, my spouse, theRead MoreSemiotics And Semiology : Semiotics1601 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferentiate between one’s own reality (dream or non-dream) and another person’s dream world . Its essence as a signifier of the mental construct of reality and illusion (the signified) plays a vital role in communication in the film. Similar to the examples provided before, totems are viable due to the mutual agreement formed regarding its functionality – its physical characteristics are designed by the owner to discretely behave abnormally in their own reality (dream or non-dream). Cobb possessesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie House Of Cards 1448 Words   |  6 Pagesseason 2. The show itself represents a critical and cynical look at US politics. This is further proven by the fact that Frank Underwood thrives in this system. The main critiques of the system come from the importance of the media and how public perception is a driving force in influencing politics, with many scandals making or breaking various politicians throughout the show. Another criticism is how modern politics has turned into its own version of Theater. Also, the show criticizes the lack ofRead MoreMacbeth As A Tyrant Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pagesby Lady Macbeth’s devious manipulations. Macbeth’s wife is more ruthless and ambitious than her husband. Her Machiavellian approach kept Macbeth on track towards the ultimate goal to the throne. Over and over again she questioned his manhood as if bravery has a direct link to murder. She even stated that she was willing to kill he r own baby to get what she wants. Such a graphic perception of the extent to which she would go was enough to push through all of Macbeth’s moral red lines. The manipulativeRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince Of Princes During The Florentine Republic1733 Words   |  7 Pages Machiavellian, nowadays, is a synonym for someone that is cruel and self-interested. While in reality, Niccolà ² Machiavelli, a counsellor of Princes during the Florentine Republic, was one of the greatest defenders of people’s liberty and political self-determination. He is depicted in such erroneous ways because his amoral and realist point of view was extremely controversial during the time he lived. Yet, the writer always defended the people and their interests as a whole. As mentioned beforeRead MoreNiccolà ² Machiavellis Acquisition of Power Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresentative of Renaissance thinkers in his perception of government. No longer was government seen as an institution granted by God but rather governments were largely becoming arrangements or contracts between those that govern and the governed. Thinkers from Aristotle to Francis Bacon would expound on this idea of a social contract, but none would exemplify the realism and ruthlessness of modern politics like Machiavelli. While the word Machiavellian has become part of our lexicon as a term

Gulf Integration Industry Consulting Project for Saudi Business

Question: Discuss about theGulf Integration Industry Consulting Project for Saudi Business. Answer: Overview Founded in the year 2012 by one of the most prominent Saudi Business Groups, Gulf integration is a multinational business heavily invested in the Gulf regions energy sector (Gulfintegration.com. 2017). The company is headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia with 6 key branches in different parts of the Kingdom (Gulfintegration.com. 2017). The organization operates under a diversified business model with 6 independent business units that are seamlessly integrated together to ensure that the company is able to achieve its objective of obtaining unrivalled success in its areas of operations (Gulfintegration.com. 2017). The 6 key business units under the companys umbrella are power and energy, sports accessories, Telecom and IT services, Management Consulting, Electro mechanical solution, Management consulting and Pharmaceutical. This paper seeks to provide a pictured organizational chart describing Gulf Integration modus operandi, the industry context under which it operates and the compan ys nature. The paper will also highlight the connection between the author and the company. Industry Context in which Gulf Integration Operates Unlike most companies in the Saudi Kingdom which focus primarily on the construction and energy sectors, Gulf Integration has effectively diversified its product portfolio. Due to its diversification, the company operates in 6 different industries representing its key business units. The company has significant interest in the Oil and Gas sector where it is investing in the production of alternative forms of energy. The company also has interest in the Telecommunications and IT industry where it deals in the design, sales, implementation and maintenance of data and communication solutions. Another industry in which the business operates in is the sporting industry where through it provides quality solutions for sporting fields. Other industries where the company has interests in include the pharmaceutical industry, ISO compliant Industries, Construction industry, Health and Education Industry and Power and Energy Industry. Gulf Integration Modus Oparandi Connection with Industry Gulf Integrations main responsibility is the coordination of its different business units to ensure that they operate effectively. As a result of this, Gulf Integration operates more like a coordinator of its 6 key business units. The company seeks to ensure that its global network is able to operate effectively with little complication and that its clients obtain the best of services that are in the market (Koch et al., 2015). As a citizen of Saudi Arabia, I greatly admire the company because of its desire to integrate the different key sectors in the countrys economy. Through its actions the company demonstrates how the different aspect of Saudi Arabias economy can coordinate with each other to ensure economic progress (Wright 2016). I got the opportunity to work in the company through its internship program and through this opportunity I was able to learn of how the various sectors of the countrys economy interrelate with each other. The business model employed by the company is quite important as it helps to ensure continued operations and survivability of a country even when one sector of the economy experiences a downfall. This is currently being witnessed in the oil and gas industry which has been struck by a significant decline in prices due to global over production (Baumeister, and Kilian 2016). Bibliography Gulfintegration.com. (2017). Gulf Integration | Integrating Diversity. [online] Available at: https://gulfintegration.com/ [Accessed 6 Oct. 2017]. Baumeister, C. and Kilian, L., 2016. Understanding the Decline in the Price of Oil since June 2014.Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists,3(1), pp.131-158. Koch, C., Mathiasen, J.B., Nyffeler, N. and Schorderet, A., 2015, August. Mechatronics: From systems combination to business integration. In Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 2015 Portland International Conference on(pp. 1576-1584). IEEE. Wright Jr, J.W. ed., 2016.Business and economic development in Saudi Arabia. Springer.

On Friday May 30th 1845, the F... free essay sample

On Friday May 30th 1845, the Fath al Razack arrived in Trinidad with approximately 225 Indians, after sailing for 98 days from the port of Calcutta. This marked the beginning of a system of immigration that was to continue, until it became illegal in 1917, to ship Indians under the indentureship scheme. Due to bankruptcy of the Trinidad Government, there was a break from 1848 to 1851. The colony received a guaranteed loan from Britain. Then there was a steady flow of immigrants every year, until all contracts were completely abolished on January 01, 1920. During its existence, approximately 147,600 labourers arrived in Trinidad. The majority of them were employed in the sugar cane estates, while a very small number was employed on cocoa, coconut and rubber plantations. Trinidad became a British colony in 1797, after it was captured from the Spanish. Its potential as a sugar colony had long been recognized with the ongoing competition for supremacy in the world sugar market between Britain and France. We will write a custom essay sample on On Friday May 30th 1845, the F or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The demand for indentured labour came, in the aftermath of the abolition of African slavery in the British West Indies, in 1838. After emancipation, the sugar cane plantations in Trinidad were faced with a shortage of a regular and relatively cheap labour supply. As a result, various attempts were made to find an alternative source of labour. The Indian indentureship scheme had already been implemented in Mauritius (1834) and British Guiana (1838) and the Trinidadian planter class saw the system as an opportunity to procure an immediate labour force. The influx of a large amount of Indian labourers would flood the labour markets and keep wages depressed, while decreasing the bargaining power of the Afro-Trinidadians. When Indian immigration to Trinidad commenced in 1845 it was regulated by Act XXII of 1844, passed by the Government of India on 20 November 1837, to control the movement of labourers from British India to various parts of the world.The Trinidad planters would submit their requests for labourers to the Governor of Trinidad. This information was then forwarded to the Colonial Office / India Office in Britain. From there it was dispatched to India and official licences were given out to recruiters who went into the districts and villages. The Trinidad Emigration depot was located at Garden Reach Calcutta and the Protector of Emigrant was responsible for overlooking the logistics of the system on the Indian side. Recruiters were paid per head for every Indian they recruited for the labour system 35 rupees for a female labourer and 25 rupees for a male labourer. The contract for the transportation of Indian labourers to the Caribbean was awarded to the James Nourse Shipping Company in 1875. The ships used were usually three-masted schooners around 500 tons. The stipulated length of time of the journey was 20 weeks for a sailing ship and 13 weeks for a steamer. The Nourse shipping line was paid  £11 12s. 6d. per statute adult. From 1845 to 1865, the ships en route for Trinidad docked at Port of Spain where the Trinidad Immigration depot or the Coolie depot was located. Upon arrival and disembarkation the Indians were taken to the depot where they were accommodated until they were distributed to individual plantations. In 1865 however, another depot was established at Nelson Island, a very small island located North West of Port of Spain, in the Gulf of Paria. On Nelson Island the immigrants as well as the ship, food and stores were inspected by the Protector of Immigrants and their bundles and blankets were cleaned. The immigrants were to be examined by a medical doctor and those who only needed rest were kept at the Depot. Once the Indians were physically stable they were transported by small boats to Port of Spain and distributed to the islands plantations. In Trinidad, the law stipulated that Indian indentured labourer would be engaged in the cultivation of the soil or the manufacture of produce on any plantation, every day except Sundays and authorized holidays. They was required to work for nine hours in each working day and was attached to the specific plantation for five years from the date of allotment. At the end of the five years the labourers were to be given a certificate of exemption from labour and were permitted to return to India at their own cost after ten years residence in the colony. According to the contract, which the labourers signed prior to embarkation at the port of Calcutta, an able-bodied adult labourer over sixteen years of age was to be paid twelve annas or sixteen pies for each days work, while a minor (between ten years and twelve years old) would receive eight annas per day. All wages would be paid fortnightly. Also included in the package were the provision of medical and maintenance during sickness free of charge; rent-free dwelling houses (to be kept in good repair by the employer, at his own cost) and full rations. These were provided for adults and minors by the employer according to the scale authorized by the government, at a cost of three annas daily. An infant under the age of ten years was to receive one third of the ration free of cost. Labourers could not move out of the plantations unless they had obtained a pass from the owner/manager. While theoretically they were allowed to practice their culture, the colonial .authorities would step in and stop any cultural activities which were seen as a threat to the peace of the colony, as occurred in 1884, with the Mohurrum (Hosay) celebrations in Trinidad. Educational opportunities for the children of indentured labourers were provided within a controlled environment where schools were built for Indians only, or were located within a certain distance from the estates. By 1900, only 28 per cent of the total Indian population (both free and indentured) was attending schools. Under the commutation grant in 1859, Indians who had completed their five years contracts and seven years residence in the colony, opted for ten acres of land in lieu of a return passage. This scheme was modified in 1873, to offer a choice between ten acres of land or five acres of land and  £5 in cash. A total of 11,933 persons commuted their return passages. In total, about 25% of all those who came, returned to India while the majority settled here. While most of them may have opted to stay because the economic situation in Trinidad was seen as much better than what they had experienced in India, large numbers were forced to stay since they could not afford the return passage or ships were not readily available to take them back to their motherland. The shipping of Indian labourers under the indentureship scheme ceased in 1917, and on January 1st 1920 the system was abolished completely. Those Indians who chose to remain in Trinidad made the island their home. By the 1930s they had begun to organize themselves politically. Economically, there was a movement away from agriculture and into the professions. This moved was stimulated by the prevalence of educational opportunities. Today almost half the population of Trinidad and Tobago is of Indian ancestry and Indo-Trinbagonians participate in, and have impacted on all aspects of national life. The Indians were one of the most capable workers and were of great benefit. However, they were mistreated and taking advantage of. They were short paid for work which required a lot more than what they were given. Their living conditions were terrible, they were forced to live under the most unsanitary conditions which made them prone to a number of life threatening diseases and sickness, they received no form of medical care or treatment and in most cases were left to die. Indentureship was exploited in the Caribbean so the indentured people were treated like they had no contribution to the economy.

biology of plant essays

biology of plant essays I believe that some plants produce as much heat for their weight as birds do, which are the greatest heat producers of all. It is even harder to believe that some are able to thermoregulate, which means that they actually alter their heat production to keep their temperature constant in fluctuating air temperatures. This is similar to what mammals do. The article I am reviewing tells about few a plants that do this, and how they do it. There are only three plants which have yet been shown to regulate their temperature. They are the Philodendron selloun, the Skunk Cabbage, and the Sacred Lotus. The most extensive testing has been done on the P. selloun. The earliest testing aimed to do little more than determine whether the inflorescence actually had become hot. In the experiment spadices were impaled with temperature probes into the plant and the probes were connected to a machine that recorded the temperature continuously. During the measurement period the temperature outside averaged 20 degrees Celsius and the temperature in the plant remained 20 degrees higher. This proved that the inflorescence was hotter than its environment. The next experiment aimed to show the range of the P. selloun's heat producing capabilities. Some specimens were cut and put into indoor cabinets where the temperature could be varied. The reason the plants were placed in indoor cabinets was so that the plants rate of heat production could be measured by the expedient of measuring its rate of consumption of oxygen. Then the inflorescences were examined at air temperatures from low freezing to temperatures that are uncomfortably hot for humans. At the coldest extremes some of the inflorescences could not heat up at all. But their temperatures went to as high as 38 degrees Celsius when the environment temperature was still 4 degrees C. The cuttings became hotter as the air temperature rose further. The inflorescences peaked at 46 degrees C w...

Avoir Le Cafard - French Expression Explained

Avoir Le Cafard - French Expression Explained The French expression Avoir le cafard means to feel low, to be down in the dumps, to be depressed. It literally translates to to have the cockroach and is pronounced [ah  vwar  leu  kah  far]. It has an informal register. Etymology The French word  cafard, which is probably from Arabic  kafr, miscreant, non-believer  (according to Le Grand Robert CD-ROM) has several meanings: a person who pretends to believe in Godtattletalecockroachmelancholy It was the  poet, Charles Baudelaire, in  Les Fleurs du mal, who first imbued  cafard  (and also  spleen, incidentally) with the fourth meaning. So the French expression  avoir  le cafard  isnt related to cockroaches at all (even though it kind of makes sense- who wouldnt feel bad about having cockroaches?) Example In order to use the phrase, you need to conjugate the verb avoir. Je ne peux pas me concentrer aujourdhui - jai le cafard.I cant concentrate today - Im depressed. Source Le Robert Staff. Le Grand Robert CD ROM. Edition 1, The Robert, 2004.

Agricultural Settlers and the Great Plains Essay

Agricultural Settlers and the Great Plains - Essay Example Those who remained in the region supplemented their farming income from railway construction and other economic activities. These settlers who remained exhibited their abilities to adapt to the local environment (Adamson, 1998 p39). The sustainability of grain farming was of the doubt due to the frequent droughts that were experienced in this region. Sometimes the areas received low crop yield that was not enough to support life. Farmers, therefore, recognized the need to let the land to lie fallow for some time. During this period, livestock farming became dominant activity on the land (Adamson, 1998 p63). Depending on the settlers’ activities on the land, they grouped themselves into Indians of the Great Plains; Wagon Trains, Railroads, and Ranchers; The Cattle Kingdom; Mythic West and Buffalo Bill; Homesteaders; and the Tribal Cultures such as Wounded Knees and the Ghost Dance (Adamson, 1998 p55). For example, the cattle Kingdom comprised of Cattle Towns and the Cowboys lifestyle was the culture in this region. In summary, Great Plains is a region that is dominated by agricultural activities, both crop and animal farming. Earlier settlers came into this region by the opportunity to acquire land, and to practice agriculture as a source of income. Settlers in this region are characterized by the type of economic activity they practice on the land. For example, there are ranchers, Indians, The Cattle Kingdom and Homesteaders. The Paris Peace Conference is the meeting that was held to sign peace deals with defeated nations after World War 1. It was held in Paris France in 1919 and attended by delegates from more than twenty-nine nations (Adamson, 1998 p105). The key leaders and Nations which led this meeting include; Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Great Britain, President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, George Clemenceau of France, and Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando of Italy  (Adamson, 1998 p106). Other countries in attendant include China, Canada, Ukraine, and Australia.

What can neorealism explain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

What can neorealism explain - Essay Example This concept is therefore based upon the notion of competitive self-interest for the nations where the concerns for security and individual interests are superior to any other ideology. Classical realism outlines that it is the essential and basic nature of the man and the states to put the self-interest above any ideology therefore it is dominated by the will to dominate and gain power. This is considered as necessary in order to maintain the status where a state remains in same position to always safeguard its interests. Neorealism though is driven by the classical realism but goes one stage above that and put more priority on the international system as a whole. The international system therefore is considered as the structure above the states and the individuals are considered as agents below the stage. The neorealism therefore does not view the human nature as essential but maintains that international structure actually works as a constraint over the motivations and interests o f the agents. This paper will therefore comprehensively discuss and explain as to what neorealism actually is and how it can be viewed within the perspective of international politics and relations. Classical Realism Classical realism is often associated with what is called power politics because both the terms outline priority of the national interests over moral obligations of a State. As such any considerations for moral obligations, social reconstruction as well as ideology does not hold any preference over the national interest. Based on the economic concept of competitive self-interest, classical realism advocates that it is the basic human nature and that of state that they pursue their self-interest first. This nature therefore forces states and the man to remain in dominating position and creates the drive for the power. One of the key assumptions of the classical realism is fundamentally based upon the notion that there is no actor above the states therefore the relationsh ips between the states cannot be controlled by a higher authority. As such each state therefore moves in a direction which suits its national interests and without any coercive influence of other states or actors. (Donnelly, 2000)Â   It is however, important to understand that the overall relationships between the states are dominated by the military and economic powers of each state. The extent of power of each state therefore is mainly dominated by the way each state holds the economic as well as military power without having any reference to the moral obligations. It is therefore maintained that the maintaining moral obligations unnecessarily put commitments on the States which may be undesirable for the relationships between states in longer term. Neorealism Neorealism is a relatively different concept than the classical realism as it views layers above the states which may be in dominating position. While departing from the realism’s basic postulate of human nature, neo realism sees States facing structural constraints which can actually limit their strategies as well as motivations. Neorealism is also different from classical realism due to the assumption that the international politics can be considered as a defined and precised structure. This view was not held by the classical realists who view the international politics based upon the individual behaviors of the States at the international level. The focus on the system level thinking therefore has allowed theorists of neorealism to avoid from making any assumptions about the human nature, power and self-interests as well as the moral obligations. It was because of this reason that the Neorealists were able to see

Gps Location Tracker Essay Example for Free

Gps Location Tracker Essay This POT GPS receiver providing a solution that high position and speed accuracy performances as well as high sensitivity and tracking capabilities in urban conditions amp;provides standard NMEA0183 strings in raw mode for any microcontroller. The module provides current time, date, latitude, longitude, speed, altitude and travel direction / heading among other data, and can be used in a host of applications,including navigation, tracking systems, fleet management, mapping and robotics. This is a stand alone GPS Module and requires no external components except power supply decoupling capacitors. It is built with internal RTC Back up battery. It can be directly connected to Microcontrollers USART. The module is having option for connecting external active antenna if necessary. The GPS chipsets inside the module are designed by MediaTek Inc. ,which is the worlds leading digital media solution provider and largest fab-less IC company in Taiwan. The module can support up to 51 channels. The GPS solution enables small form factor devices. They deliver major advancements in GPS performances, accuracy,integration, computing power and flexibility. They are designed to simplify the embedded system integration process. Features TTL asynchronous  serial interface Data output Baud rate: 9600 bps (Default) Single 3. 3V DC supply @  55 mA (typical) Standard NMEA0183 output format Standard 8-pin header interface (. 100 spacing). Based on MediaTek Single Chip Architecture. Dimension: 26mm x 26mm x 11. 7mm Patch Antenna Size: 25mm x 25mm x 4mm Low Power Consumption: 55mA @ acquisition, 40mA @ tracking

feminaw Seeking a New Identity for Women in The Awakening Essay

Seeking a New Identity for Women in  The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Awakening, Chopin questions gender roles. Chopin seeks an identity for women that is neither wife nor mother. To achieve this end, she incorporates progressive feminist ideas into her writing. Yet, in the end, Chopin also shows that, because of years of conditioning, many women are unable to escape society’s stereotypical roles by any satisfactory means. The protagonist of the novel, Edna Pontellier, does not possess the skills needed to become independent and, despite attempts to escape, succumbs finally to the doomed dream of romantic love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chopin sets up a contrast between Adele Ratignolle, "the bygone heroine of romance" (Chopin 888), and Mademoiselle Reisz, a bluestockinged recluse. Edna Pontellier falls somewhere in between, but distinctly recoils with disgust from the type of life her friend Adele leads: "In short, Mrs. Pontellier was not a mother-woman" (888). Madame Ratignolle is described as "the embodiment of every womanly grace and charm" (888) and Edna respects her for it, but without a corresponding desire to replicate her charm. To be womanly by traditional standards apparently requires the kind of self-sacrifice at which Madame Ratignolle excels, and the narrator is much less in awe of this quality than Edna. But Edna wants to be womanly in her own way--to keep her own identity, her goals, her artistry, and to live a sexual life, liberated from the confines of societal expectations. Mrs. Pontellier admires the Creoles with which she is thrown together at Lebrun's, Adele among them, beca use they represent something which she longs to have: "A characteristic which distinguished them and which impressed Mrs. Pontellier most forcibly was th... ...r Seyersted. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 1969. 881-1000. Delbanco, Andrew. "The Half-Life of Edna Pontellier." New Essays on The Awakening. Ed. Wendy Martin. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1988. 89-106. Gilmore, Michael T. "Revolt Against Nature: The Problematic Modernism of The Awakening." Martin 59-84. Giorcelli, Cristina. "Edna's Wisdom: A Transitional and Numinous Merging." Martin 109-39. Martin, Wendy, ed. New Essays on the Awakening. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1988. Papke, Mary E. Verging on the Abyss: The Social Fiction of Kate Chopin and Edith Wharton. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1990. Seyersted, Per. Kate Chopin: A Critical Biography. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 1969. Showalter, Elaine. "Tradition and the Female Talent: The Awakening as a Solitary Book." Martin 33-55. Skaggs, Peggy. Kate Chopin. Boston: Twayne, 1985.      

General Motors Corporation General Motors Corporation

â€Å"General Motors is one of three leading automotive manufacturing companies in the United States. â€Å"General Motors merupakan salah satu dari tiga perusahaan manufaktur otomotif terkemuka di Amerika Serikat. Based in Michigan in 1903 by Henry ford and grew to reach revenue of $150 billion and more than 370,000 employees by 1996. Berbasis di Michigan pada tahun 1903 oleh Henry ford dan tumbuh untuk mencapai pendapatan sebesar $ 150 miliar dan lebih dari 370. 00 karyawan pada tahun 1996. In the 1970's, the automobile market for the major auto makers – General Motors (GM), Ford, and Chrysler- was crunched by competition from foreign manufactures such as Toyota and Honda. Pada 1970-an, pasar mobil untuk para pembuat mobil utama – General Motors (GM), Ford, dan Chrysler-adalah berderak oleh persaingan dari luar negeri manufaktur seperti Toyota dan Honda.In 1999, Ford acquired the Swedish Volvo model in an attempt to compete in the foreign market and expand to other regions. † Pada tahun 1999, model Ford mengakuisisi Volvo Swedia dalam upaya untuk bersaing di pasar asing dan memperluas ke daerah lain. † General Motors needs to use the business process reengineering for the information systems infrastructure to cut redundancies and requiring information process and the link among Ford centre in world wide.General Motors perlu menggunakan rekayasa ulang proses bisnis untuk infrastruktur sistem informasi untuk memotong redundancies dan memproses informasi membutuhkan dan link di antara pusat Ford di seluruh dunia. â€Å"General Motors implemented a 3-year plan to consolidate their multiple desktop systems into one. â€Å"General Motors mengimplementasikan rencana 3 tahun untuk mengkonsolidasikan beberapa sistem desktop mereka menjadi satu. This new process involved replacing the numerous brands of desktop systems, network Proses baru ini melibatkan berbagai merek menggantikan sistem

The Stereotypical Image of the American Soldier

Military supremacy is what makes a nation a superpower—with the fall of the Soviet Union, the United States of America is undeniably the only superpower left in the world. No other country at the present world can come close to America’s military prowess.Because the foot soldier is the basic unit of the military, their image is of utmost importance. However, like most professions, there are stereotypes related to the American soldier. These stereotypes, used as propaganda to intimidate the forces of the enemy, may be traced back to the Second World War or maybe earlier (Snellman).Since wars are not that â€Å"encouraged† anymore, the image of the American soldier has been shaped mostly by media, which also paved the way for stereotypes on the American soldier to develop. Stereotypes Because the world has not a seen a major, full-scale, and closely contested war since Vietnam or Korea (Wars after those were mostly one-sided), the image of the American soldier has not been covered as much as they were during times of major conflicts. Movies provided the civilians with an alternative into developing their perceptions regarding the American Soldier.Sadly, these perceptions that the public has come up with are stereotypical and sometimes offensive. The American Soldier as a White Male When we first think of the visual image of the American soldier, the first thing that we would imagine is that of a white male.An American soldier is usually visualized as white, standing bravely with a gun on his hand. This is the case because of two things. First, the whites are considered as the majority race in the US, so the chances of a soldier being white are quite high.Second, the American soldier is also thought to be white most of the time because of the history of the US—In the past up until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and maybe until now, the blacks were discriminated greatly.This translated into the white soldier as the image of the American so ldier, even if the African-Americans played an important role during the Civil War. The American soldier is also stereotyped as a male simply because our society is generally a patriarchal society despite the rise of feminism. The American soldier is thought (and should be) to be strong physically.Being physically strong is not an attribute that is associated with women, thus creating the image of the American soldier as masculine. The American Soldier from the Lower Class A job in the army has never been a glamorous or desired job for the public.Enlisting in the army is stereotyped as a last resort to earn a living because the person cannot afford to go to college or get a high paying job. There is some element of truth into this stereotype because this scenario is usually the case. However, that does not mean that all soldiers are from poor economic backgrounds.Some of them may really want to join the army despite having other bigger opportunities as a civilian. This stereotype ma y also have surfaced because the army does not even require a high school diploma (Army. com). The American Soldier as an Independent, Self-reliant, and Assertive Individual Despite being part of the most powerful (in force and number) and advanced army in the world, the American soldier, when he or she is by him- or herself, is stereotyped as independent, self-reliant, and assertive, as they ought to be.The strength of the army is measured by the strength of its soldiers. If even one of its soldiers does not possess the said traits, the strength of the army maybe compromised. Therefore, the public thinks highly of our soldiers as having all those traits mentioned.Sometimes, while practicing their independence or by trying to assert themselves, soldiers may be branded as aggressive, but it is only their eagerness to be independent and assertive that they become stereotyped as aggressive.The public expects the American soldier to be aggressive because they are supposed to be combat-r eady all the time. The American Soldier as a Strict, Stiff, and too Disciplined Person Discipline is one of the core values of the military. Army personnel are expected to conduct themselves properly at all times, but that does not mean that they are always like that even when they are not on duty. Media have portrayed our soldiers as being too strict, too conscious about discipline, and stiff in their movements, even (or especially) the retired ones.This is not a realistic portrayal of the soldiers because it is highly doubtful that they are like that to their families. Although we could expect military men referring to civilians as â€Å"Sir† or â€Å"Ma’am,† the chances of father and mother soldiers barking orders at their children and making them do push-ups, crunches, and all those military punishment are slim. The American Soldier as a Grown Man Pictures of American soldiers in the news and especially depictions in movies are almost always a picture of a m ature man. Rarely do we see young soldiers slugging it out on the screen.This stereotype of the American soldier is partly true and partly false—true because today, even if the army does not even require a high school diploma, it is mostly the experienced men that go out into the field, and false because during the previous wars, a lot of young men were forced into battle because of the scarcity in military personnel. Now, young men are no longer forced into action because the army has a lot of experienced men ready to battle all the time. Conclusion The American soldier is one of the enduring images of patriotism in the United States.The American soldier’s image has developed stereotypes through the years because of media coverage and portrayals in films. This has led the public into coming up with stereotypes that are now synonymous to the term American Soldier.Works CitedSnellman, Pekka. â€Å"The Grunt: Analysis of a Stereotype. † Power Pride and Politics in American English. 22 March 2006.University of Tampere. 27 March 2009. . Army. com.Requirements to Join the US Army. 27 March 2009 .

How To Plan The Best New Product Launch Marketing Campaign

How To Plan The Best New Product Launch Marketing Campaign New product launch marketing campaigns. One of the most intimidating things a marketing professional and their team  can be tasked with. Basically, the weight of the entire world is on your shoulders, or so it feels like 80% of new products fail. Let’s make sure yours doesn’t! Your company has been working their butts off for months on this amazing widget and it’s up to you to make sure that the product, service, or whatever you may be launching has enough hype (and actually sells). Whether you’ve done multiple new product launches or if this is your first time, you’ll learn a few new things about product launches in this post. We’ve included detailed steps to successfully launch a new product launch marketing campaign and the most memorable examples that you can learn from. Get ready to rock your next new product launch. 🚀 80% of new products fail. Learn how to plan the best #productlaunch #campaign of all time withHow To Plan The Best Product Launch Marketing Campaign Before diving into how to plan a great product launch marketing campaign, download this marketing plan timeline template. It will help you strategically plan your new product launch so you know exactly what needs to be done and when. Be Brave and Push Boundaries Easier said than done, right? If Apple can do it, can’t we all? The answer is yes. Your product may not change the world, but it is going to be life changing  to your customers, and you need to position it that way. Marketers, listen up. If you aren’t involved in the product ideation process, that needs to change. You know your target audience’s needs just as well as anyone else at your company, if not better. Get involved in the ideation meetings to help your company launch the absolute best products for your customers. Be bold with your product launches. Launch something your competitors haven’t because if you don’t push boundaries, you aren’t going to grow. Simple as that. Once you have a bomb product to launch, your product launch marketing campaign will speak for itself. Make Your Launch Campaign Emotional Emotions drive purchasing behaviors and decision making. Throwing facts at your target audience about your new product isn’t enough to make people buy and spark up emotion. If it was, we would all be rich. No matter what your product or service is, this step is applicable to you. Whether you’re selling a slinky or migraine medication, your product can be tied to an emotion. A slinky is a much more light-hearted and fun product, while migraine medication takes away pain, resulting in happiness. The point is that both products cause some type of emotion. Keep in mind that people purchase products to solve a problem. These problems that they have are frustrating, inconvenient, and annoying. Even if they are just bored because they don’t have a fun slinky to play with. 😉 If your marketing campaign shows them how your new product can make that feeling go away, that’s where the money’s at. Build Hype for Your Product Launch Remember when Universal announced The Wizarding World of Harry Potter? Can you imagine how many people planned their vacations to Florida as soon as the announcement came out? Or the number of days that people dreamed of going there before it even opened? That, my friend, is called hype. Now, you may not be launching something comparable to Harry Potter World, but your product is awesome and valuable, and your target audience needs to be excited about it. It’s your job to make them excited! There’s something about not knowing all of the facts and details that make people want to know even more. Make sure to build up the well-deserved hype for your product and make people anticipate the arrival of it. Recommended Reading: Everything You Need To Know  About Your Creative Strategy To be able to successfully hype up your new product the way it deserves, you need to have a plan. Plan Your Product Launch Marketing Campaign Your company has been working on this new product for months or maybe even years, so why would you wait until the last minute to plan your marketing campaign? If you want your new product launch marketing campaign to succeed, you should start planning two to three months in advance (at least). A rushed campaign won’t give your new product the attention it deserves. To pull this thing off, you need a solid plan and a tool to help you implement that plan. ’s Marketing Campaigns  is the best way to consolidate all of your marketing campaign needs in one centralized location. You can†¦ Plan your entire marketing roadmap Maximize your team’s resources from one place Monitor progress and make quick adjustments Measure the success of your campaign with reports Sound too good to be true? Here’s how it works! Manage All Your Marketing Campaigns with To start, create a project in and select Marketing Campaign. From there, give your project a title and select your beginning and end dates. You’ll be able to plan every marketing element that you want included in your new product launch campaign, and you’ll want to exhaust every channel, so this campaign is going to be big. You’ll need emails to ads to social media to webinars (and so much more)... Don’t worry, has got you covered. Once you’ve added your start and end dates to the project, you’ll see the campaign’s timeline illustrated on the calendar in . Next, you’ll start adding individual marketing tactics to your project. Either hit the + sign on a date on the calendar†¦OR †¦click the tab at the top of your marketing campaign. This will prompt you to add a project to your campaign. You’ll for sure want to create ads for your new product launch, so let’s add the ad project type. From there you can†¦ Assign tasks and due dates for your team members. Get approvals on things like imaging and copy. Add attachments and make comments. Have full visibility into every task, project and campaign your team is working on. After you’ve added all of your individual projects to your marketing campaign, you can see what your timelines look like and how they fit into the entire strategy. is the best (and easiest) the only marketing suite that helps you organize all of your marketing in one place. It’s organized, effective, and versatile. If you want to simplify your processes and plan successful campaigns, schedule a demo of . Take Pre-Orders for Your New Product Pre-orders may not be relevant to your product and if they aren’t, scroll right down to step 6. But if they are relevant, listen up. Pre-order sales can make up to 23%  or more of your total revenue for your new product. That is almost a fourth of your entire sales, sales that you could miss out on. [Tweet â€Å"Pre-order sales can make up to 23% of your total revenue for your new product. #marketingstrategy†] I know for a fact that I’ve pre-ordered something because I don’t want to risk the chance of it running out when it goes live. Loyal customers trust your company so much that when you launch a new product and build up so much hype around it, that’s enough for them to hit purchase. So make sure you implement a solid pre-order purchase well before your product launches. Use Influencers to Build Hype As social media grows, the use of influencers is growing right beside it. I think we can all admit that we’ve bought something recommended on a social platform, I know I have. To find influencers that are a good fit for your product, you’ll have to do a lot of research. When choosing influencers to work with, there are four main traits  you want to look at: Niche Reach Engagement Reputation You need to find an influencer with a similar following to your target audience, which you can gauge by the type of products and information the influencer is currently sharing. While reach is important, it isn’t the only thing you should look at. Just because it looks like someone has a lot of followers and a large reach, doesn’t mean that they have quality followers. The engagement that they are getting on their posts and content will show you if their followers have real connections with the influencer. Real connections = $$$. Lastly, check out their reputation. If you decide to work with this person, customers are going to associate your product with them. Make sure they are honest, trustworthy, and respectable so that they can represent your product well. You can start using influencers in the early stages of your product. Let them test it out, give feedback, and become familiar enough with your product so that they can honestly recommend it. Also, make sure that they are involved in the campaign before pre-orders so they can help build up that hype. Alrighty, marketers. You officially know how to plan a successful new product launch campaign. If you want some inspiration to get you started, we’ve put together a list of ten successful examples and key takeaways from their campaigns.

How To Use Sin in Spanish

How To Use 'Sin' in Spanish The Spanish preposition sin generally means without and thus can be thought of as the opposite of con (with). For English speakers, its use is generally straightforward, the main difference being that it usually is not followed by an indefinite article (un or una, meaning a). Here are some examples of its use: Para el paciente sin esperanza, no existe futuro. (For the patient without hope, a future does not exist.)Nunca conduzco sin gafas. (I never drive without glasses.)Daniela no podr ir a la escuela sin computadora. (Daniela will not be able to go to the school without a computer.)Cuando la gente vive sin felicidad, no temern a la muerte. (When people live without happiness, they will not fear death.)Hay muchos hogares sin telà ©fono. (There are many homes without a telephone.) Sometimes phrases using sin are better translated using the English suffix -less or -free: Las parejas sin hijos sufren muchas crà ­ticas. (Childless couples receive much criticism.)Los diamantes sin defectos son extremadamente raros. (Flawless diamonds are very unusual.) ¿Son los refrescos sin azà ºcar la solucià ³n al problema? (Are sugar-free drinks the solution to the problem?) Fast Facts Sin is usually the equivalent of without in English.When sin is followed by a noun object, it is seldom necessary to place an un or una before the noun, although one is sometimes used for emphasis.Sin is frequently used in phrases, most of whose meanings can be determined by translating the other words in the phrase. When to Use an Indefinite Article With Sin If the indefinite article is used after sin, it often is done for emphasis. Also, if the object (the noun after sin) is followed by an adjective or a clause, the indefinite article is often used: Yo estaba en Mà ©xico sin un centavo. (I was in Mexico without a single cent.)Se fue sin un adià ³s. (He left without even saying goodbye.)No hay democracia sin un orden social liberal. (There is no democracy without a liberal social order.)La clonacià ³n de un dinosaurio serà ­a imposible sin un à ³vulo de dinosaurio intacto. (The cloning of a dinosaur would be impossible without an intact dinosaur egg.) Following Sin With Infinitives When sin is followed by a verb, nearly always the infinitive form is used. Note how these sentences are translated to Spanish. In particular, the final two examples use sin in a way that without is not used in English: Tengo que aprender a vivir sin fumar. (I need to learn to live without smoking.)Aprender sin pensar es inà ºtil. (Learning without thinking is useless.)Sin leer es imposible escribir bien. (Without reading it is impossible to write well.)Hay muchas lecciones sin aprender. (There are many unlearned lessons.)La lata sin abrir puede durar hasta 12 meses. (An unopened can can last for 12 months.) Phrases Using Sin Dozens of phrases use sin. Heres a sampling: asociacià ³n civil sin fines de lucro, organizacià ³n sin fines de lucro - nonprofit organization aun sin : Cuando uno es inteligente, aun sin estudiar puede pasar con 100. (Someone intelligent can pass with a 100 even without studying.) ausente sin aviso - absent without permission barril sin fondo, pozo sin fondo - bottomless pit (usually used figuratively) callejà ³n sin salida - dead-end street (can be used figuratively) dejar sin efecto - to invalidate, to render useless estar sin blanca, estar sin un cobre - to be penniless or broke sin motivo - for no good reason, for no known reason misterio sin resolver - unsolved mystery quedarse sin nada : La atleta puso todo pero se quedà ³Ã‚  sin nada. (The athlete gave it her all but ended up with nothing.) quedarse sin palabras - to be at a loss for words repetir sin parar - to say over and over again sin asombro - surprisingly sin cesar - without stopping, continuously sin compromiso - without any obligation sin contar con - to ignore possible consequences, to not take into account sin coste - free, without charge sin defensa - defenseless sin direccià ³n, sin rumbo - aimless, without goals sin duda - without a doubt, undoubtedly sin ganas - enenthusiastically, unwillingly sin hacer - undone sin otro particular - without further ado sin par - unique, without an equal sin pensar - without thinking sin razà ³n - with no reason sin tardar - immediately, without delay sin ton ni son - without rhyme or reason viaje sin retorno - one-way trip vivir sin : No puedo vivir con ti. (I cant live without you.)

Reading responese 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading responese 4 - Assignment Example The first one is human egocentrism. In fact, it follows from the title of the article itself that one of the themes deals with this very issue. The author of the article is supposed to review the Maine Lobster Festival for Gourmet magazine and its target audience and, by this, promote and advertise the festival. However, it is not his main agenda. Instead of promoting the festival, the author discusses the cruel ways of cooking a lobster in minor details, such as a discussion of sensory neurons of these crustaceans. In this regard, Wallace refers to people’s reasoning that they have a right to eat lobsters because the latter are much more primitive creatures. In addition to this, the author of the piece touches upon the notion of tourism, explores its essence and its influence on people engaged in this activity. More specifically, he claims that a person gains nothing from it and that the more people travel to a particular place the more this place is ruined by these people. I n other words, Wallace believes that tourism has nothing to do with knowledge and learning more about the world and self. One of the most notable things about Wallace’s piece under discussion is his use of footnotes. In fact, he changes this feature of academic writing into something more alive, meaningful and sense-bearing. Some of the foot notes do perform their initial, main task, which is to explain and comment a certain part of the text above it, such as the first one. However, the majority of them are designated to perform other tasks. Wallace’s footnotes are essential to the story and reader’s understating of its tone and intentions of the author. They are the actual pieces of the text in which he doubts, criticizes and even asks questions. In fact, sometimes it even seems that it is not the text of the short story itself but the footnotes that contain the author’s main point on the issue. They are like a playwright’s remarks in a play that does not interfere

American History and Christianity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American History and Christianity - Essay Example Their justification of this in the name of God was because "Of all these nations God our Lord gave charge to one man St Peter, that he should be Lord and Superior of all men in the world and that he should be the head of all human race" (Rushforth & Mapp, p31). In their view if this was indeed the case then what the Pope said was absolute. The document goes on to state that any delay in refusing to convert to the Holy Catholic Faith will bare the consequences of war, a war that God would assist with. The Huron Indians were allies of the French. The French Canadians had been keen to develop trade relations with the Native Americans and when they were asked for help in a raid against the Iroquois tribe saw an opportunity to build relations (Calloway, p119). Father Jean Brebeuf was a French Jesuit missionary; the Jesuit order like the Spanish wished to convert the Native Americans to Christianity but did so in a very different manner to the Spanish. Whilst the Spanish colonized the Native American lands with aggressive tones in the name of God the French Jesuits introduced Christianity whilst being respectful of Native American own identities. Brebeuf lived with the Indians and like other Jesuits learned their language and studied their way of life and whilst may not have agreed with appreciated their customs. The Huron's tolerated the Jesuits as they wished to remain allies with the French and maintain trade relations but resented their criticism of their ideals, customs and lifes tyles (Calloway, p121). In comparison to the Spanish who threatened violence through non-conformity the Jesuits believed that the natives would and could conform if they were shown compassion. When disease struck in 1640 many Huron Indians blamed the Shamans for not protecting the people and turned to Christianity due to the Jesuits being unaffected by the small pox epidemic. The Jesuits had succeeded in their mission but had assisted in destroying a way of life that had sustained a culture for centuries. John Winthrop's Christian Charity speaks of unity and conformity and is quite authoritarian in its narrative. Whilst traveling to New England onboard the Arbella he Lisa Haddon 12th November 2008 wrote and preached the now famous sermon A Model of Christian Charity. The puritans on board were fleeing England in pursuit of individualism and spiritual freedom from the Church of England which they felt was a derivative of the Roman Catholic Church, Winthrop feared that the pursuit of this individualism would drive them apart once landing in New England or even worse in to the hostile hands of the natives and sought to hold the people together on board through the word of god. He begins his sermon by listing three reasons god made people different the first reason showing a preference for difference over uniformity. His second reason is "He might have the more occasions to manifest the work of His Spirit: first upon the wicked in moderating and restraining them, so that the rich and mighty should not eat up the poor, nor the poor and despised rise up against their superiors and shake off their yoke." (Rushforth & Mapp, p126).

Cpk Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cpk - Term Paper Example By so doing, CPK will improve its margins since it will have streamlined the pizza menu alongside other critical issues. With the economy favoring the restaurant chains, CPK has options to weigh, which include selling itself. With such options at sight, the company’s directors have allowed the management to come up with strategic alternatives like changing the capital structure, merging, or acquiring other companies in the same industry. However, investors must be warned that such strategies are not a guarantee for good performance in future. Some few years ago, CPK suffered from low sales because most pizza consumers opted to cook at home. Having realized that, the company launched a call center where customers would call to make orders with free delivery. In addition, the company increased its wine varieties and the catering program. Since it owns most of the pizza restaurants in the US, CPK prefers to lease a huge proportion of its property in places where it is located. Su ch a strategy has assisted it avoid huge debts. As a premium pizza company in the US and around the world, CPK has to categorically select its best positions. Strategies, as discussed above, are an indicator that the company acknowledges the existing competition, changes in customer preferences, global issues, and environmental changes. Through such attributes, the company has adopted some strategies to accommodate customer preferences for instance launching a call centre, which makes it possible for customers to make orders instead of cooking at home. Some strategies are purely meant to help the company maximize profits. Managing a series of CPK restaurants can be a hectic task. For this reason, the management made a unique decision by leasing out some of the restaurants under its name to reduce costs attached to management and thus maximize on profits. Strategies are helpful to any organization. They

Oman Telecommunication Company

Oman Telecommunication Company Introduction Brief History The Oman telecommunication company is the most reliable and unique telecom and multimedia service provider in Pakistan which is also known as Omantel. The world call telecommunication limited is also the Omantelscompany. The companys word:- â€Å"WorldCall launched its business in June 1996 with payphone operations. A fundamental shift in technology and industry, innovation and dedication led us to growth in diversified businesses with a range of services designed to serve the needs of the local market. From Cable Broadband to Wireless Broadband, from Cable TV to Video on Demand, from LDI services and fiber optic network to wireless local loop telephony, WC has crossed a number of milestones. WC offers an array of services under three major service categories i.e. Data, Entertainment and Voice.† WorldCall Telecom Ltd. became an associate company of Omantel after acquisition of major share holding by Omantel in 2008. Today, WorldCall Telecom has become more innovative, dedicated, and reliable company in Pakistan. Status of Omantel:- Oman Telecommunications Company (Omantel) is the largest communication service provider in Oman. Any telephone call you make, local or international, the SMS Messages, or internet services, Omantel is the major and larger provider. Situational Analysis In 1996 First Capital Securities Corporation commenced to incubate payphone operation named WorldCall Payphones Limited. The new venture stood first in a communication revolution that was yet to hang on the country. WorldCall perception of a changing business environment placed them at the lead of a demand-led explosion of payphones all over the country. WorldCall introduced their first payphone in June 1996. They were one of the largest fixed line payphone operators. With the expansion in telecom they have continued to innovate. Over the years they have invested heavily in new technologies and businesses. In 1998 prepaid calling cards were launched by WorldCall Phonecards under the brand name Hello. In the following years WC provided its dial-up internet services through WorldCall.com. In 2000 WorldCall in Multimedia segment established a Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC) network in Lahore thus becoming the first Multi-service operator in the country, providing cable television and Internet-over-cable. WC cable TV in Lahore, is the last but largest entrant till now. In 2003 WC launched a state of the art HFC network operation in Karachi under WorldCall Broadband Limited. These are the largest and only national networks capable of three features at the same time (cable TV, high speed internet/data and telephony). WorldCall Telecom Limited got Wireless Local Loop (WLL) license in the post deregulation auction to provide WLL telephony in all 14 telecom regions of Pakistan primarily in the 1900 MHz band. It has partnered with Samsung for a CDMA 2000. WC started service from Lahore in June 2005 which is now available in over 40 cities. WC also acquired an LDI license and service commenced at the end of 2004. WTL enjoys significant edge over competition due to unused fiber optic capabilities available in the telecommunication sector. In April 2008, Omantel had acquired 65 percent shares of WorldCall Telecom Limited for $200 million. The CEO WorldCall Mr Salmaan Taseer led the WorldCall delegation Salman Taseer said that WorldCall is the first company to launch payphone cards, High HFC System and local loop in the country. WorldCall is positioned in a unique way being the only real Multi Service Operator (MSO) in Pakistan telecom landscape with proven track record and established market position in various segments of its operations. WorldCall also enjoys leadership position with consistent growth in its market share for broadband connectivity and cable television. Focus of rollout will principally target broadband segment with sustained growth of voice services. This planned expansion coupled with initial investment would see a decent inflow of capital into Pakistan. Omantel is a publicly traded telecom company based in Oman with diversified operations. However, acquisition of majority stake in WorldCall is its first overseas venture. Structure of WorldCall Location of offices Location of Head Office WorldCall Telecom Limited 67-C III, Gulberg III, Lahore, Pakistan Tel: (92 42) 5872633-38 Fax: (92 42) 5755231 Wireless Local Loop Main Office Ibrahim Trade Center (Near Barkat Market) 1- Aibak Block, New Garden Town, Lahore (92 42) 8464646 www.callwireless.com.pk WLL Helpline (92) 0800-19111 WC Net Helpline 109, UAN (111-111-965) Number of Total Employees:- As of December 2010, around 1800 total employees work for WorldCall. (More than 3000 before downsizing after acquisition of WorldCall by Omantel, however these decisions were taken by the Omani top management) Legal Status and Nature of Business The Group consists of: WorldCall Telecom Limited WorldCall Telecom Limited (the Company) is a public limited company incorporated in Pakistan on 15 March 2001 under the Companies Ordinance, 1984 and its shares are quoted on the Karachi and Lahore Stock Exchanges. WorldCall Telecom Ltd. groups principal activity is to provide telecommunication services. It operates through two business segments: Telecom segment provides operation and maintenance services for payphone network. Broadband segment provides internet over cable and cable TV services. The Group operates mainly in its domestic market. The Company commenced its operations on 01 December 2004 and is engaged in providing Wireless Local Loop (WLL) and Long Distance International (LDI) services in Pakistan, operation and maintenance of public payphones network and re-broadcasting international/national satellite/terrestrial wireless and cable television and radio signals as well as interactive communication and to establish, maintain and operate the licensed telephony services. The Company has been licensed by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) and Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) for these purposes. Worldcall Telecommunications Lanka (Private) Limited (the Subsidiary) was incorporated in Sri Lanka and is a joint venture with Hayleys Group to operate payphones. The principal activity of the Subsidiary is the operation and maintenance of public payphones networks. Payphones are installed at various shops/commercial outlets. The Company holds 70.65% of voting securities in the Subsidiary. Type of Ownership A Subsidiary of Omantel Before the acquisition and restructuring of WorldCall, the WorldCall group was consisted of following companies: Worldcall Communications Limited Worldcall Phone cards Limited Worldcall Multimedia Limited Worldcall Broadband Limited Omantel decided to consolidate WorldCall into a single company and as a subsidiary of Omantel. Foreign Subsidiary Worldcall Telecommunications Lanka (Pvt.) Limited is a foreign subsidiary of Worldcall Telecom Ltd. Key Players Historically Salman Taseer remained the key player in WorldCall as a Leader, CEO and Chairman.After the completion of acquisitions Omantel plays important role at corporate level but WorldCall lacks any leadership personality like Salman Taseer. CEO of the Company The current players are Babar Ali Sayed (CEO) former LDI Director Operations. First time in the history of WorldCall the CEO is from Technical Department, unlike previous CEOs with background in Finance and Chartered Accountants. A current picture of MR. Babar Ali Syed is below: Board of Directors Mr. Mehdi Mohammed Al Abduwani Mr. Talal Said Marhoon Al-Mamari Mr. Bernhard Heinichen Mr. Samy Ahmed Abdulqadir Al Ghassany Mr. Zafar Iqbal Mr. Aimen bin Ahmed Al Hosni Mr. Saud bin Ahmed Al-Nahari Mr. Shehryar Ali Taseer Mr. Asadullah Khawaja (nominee Arif Habib Securities Limited) Vision and Mission Statements VISION:- We at WorldCall are committed to achieving dynamic growth and service excellence by being at the cutting edge of technological innovation. We strive to consistently meet and surpass customers, employees and stake-holders expectations by offering state-of-the-art telecom solutions with national international footprints. We feel pride in making efforts to position WorldCall and Pakistan in the forefront of international arena. MISSION:- In the telecom market of Pakistan, WorldCall to have an overwhelming impact on the basis of following benchmarks: Create new standards of product offering in basic and value added telephony by being more cost effective, easily accessible and dependable. Thus ensuring real value for money to all segments of market. Be a leader within indigenous operators in terms of market share, gross revenues and ARPU within five years and maintain the same positioning thereafter. Achieve utmost customer satisfaction by setting up high standards of technical quality and service delivery. Ensuring the most profitable and sustainable patterns of ROI (Return on Investment) for the stake-holders. ANALYSIS of MISSION STATEMENT WHO ARE WE?  § Be a leader within indigenous operators in terms of market share, gross revenues and ARPU within five years and maintain the same positioning thereafter. WHAT WE DO?  § Create new standards of product offering in basic and value added telephony by being more cost effective, easily accessible and dependable. Thus ensuring real value for money to all segments of market. WHERE ARE WE NOW?  § Achieve utmost customer satisfaction by setting up high standards of technical quality and service delivery. Now in term Components:-  § Customers  § Product services  § Markets  § Technology  § Concern for survival growth and profitability  § Philosophy  § Self concept  § Concern for public image  § Concern for employees Suggested Correct Vision Statement:- To be a leader in a telecom industry by being at cutting edge of technological innovation. Goals Objectives of WorldCall 2010:- GOALS:- To redevelop an infrastructure which help company to implement multi destination LDI operations To expand the wireless broadband network To secure advertisement revenue share through cable TV network OBJECTIVES:- To secure international terminations from the major countries of Europe and USA; and establishments POPs (Point-Of-Presence, Switch, Router, Billing system) using co-location. To establish head-ends (main transmission source) in 14 major cities of Pakistan. WorldCall plans to expand its EVDO service in all the 50 major cities of Pakistan. External and Internal assessment PESTE(L) ANALYSIS The Telecom sector all around the world and especially in Pakistan has experienced a tremendous growth in the last few years. The telecommunication sector of Pakistan was awarded the status of industry in 2005 and since then it has been one of the fastest growing sectors of Pakistan quite eminent from various factors such as the mobile density reaching 61.7% in December 2010 and the number of mobile subscribers reaching 102 million. (Source: Pakistan Telecommunication Authority, Annual report 2010). Political factors The political environment of Pakistan is getting unstable uncertain day by day so only the government decision and initiative measures are very important. Decline in foreign investment is also the reason of political instability. PTA is highly autonomous govt. organization and has shown the moderate continuity in the policies regardless of changes in the political environment. PTA is striving hard and trying its best to provide equal competition opportunities in Telecom industry. Govt. can announce unexpected tax changes in Telecom industry. PTA convinced the government that raising taxes will not result in more money coming in the reverse is actually true as the Pakistan government got less revenue. Economical factors The ever increasing economical issues like inflation and the growing debt of Pakistan. The disposable income of people getting low due to the price inflation of consumer goods services. PTA report 2010 tells that telecom sector of economy is in a good shape and growing. Inflation is controlling by state bank and under strict eyes but unemployment rate is going up and up with the increase of level of poverty. High interest rate ~13% Decline in Telecom share in total GST due to low tariffs. Social factors Telecommunication is used in the professional and private sphere now days. Better telecommunication services and telecommunication is now becoming essential part of people lifestyle. Now people have become habitual of consuming new technology products. Internet has become a real working tool; people use Internet at home, at work. People are interested in more than just â€Å"Plain Old Cable/TV† technologies†¦ like Digital Cable TV, Video-On-Demand, and Personal Video Recorders not just plain old TV due to frequent use of internet. Young generation is getting more interest in wireless telecommunication and spends more time in online social activities like chatting, social networking. Telecommunication becoming an integrated part of our social life style. People now like to use Facebook on their pc and on mobile, allowing them to connect with their family and friends anytime anywhere. Internet becomes an integral part of people social-lives. Online gaming is growing rapidly and the ever increasing gaming competition all over the world and in pakistan as well. Technological factors Telecom sector have technology with which they can compete in Pakistan and now companies are investing in their infrastructure to not only expand but also to upgrade their existing structure. Currently mostly companies are providing Multi-media Messaging Services (MMS), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Virtual Private Network (VPN), Pocket Stocks, Conference Calling, Wallpapers Animated pictures Polyphonic ring tones (WAP), and Voice Mail at low price and some are also providing feature that one can see TV channels on their cell. Individuals and companies are recognizing the benefits of mobility of wireless broadband. The expertise of IT and Telecom industry has greatly reduce cost and time on the usage of products and services. For example, new VoIP technologies are changing the cost structure of the LDI business. Upcoming future wireless broadband technologies are changing the trends of internet usage. Pakistans telecom industry is one the fastest growing industries even compared to other countries. Innovations and development in telecom technologies has played a major role in the overall growth. Innovations and Developments in IT and Telecom can create and motivate new demands. Like Video Conferencing induced more demand for companies interested in online business meetings. Now a day, firms are in search of reliable information systems. And for this telecom technologies playing vital role. Environmental factors The telecommunication towers spoil the view especially of tourism places but no attention is paid towards this. Ecological Factors Natural Obstructions in Wireless Transmission Infrastructure usage facing difficulty due to the conditions of land. Legal factors Corruption and bribery in legal authorities suffers a telecom companies a lot to face difficulties PTA is the telecom industry regulator and their some objectives are: Telecom sector changed from monopoly to competition Protection of the rights of the companies competing with incumbents and to provide safeguards the interest of the users of the telecommunication services. The unbiased laws of telecom sector to establish healthy competition in market. Porters five forces model Threat of New Entrants Telecom is a very capital concentrated industry, entry into this industry means that the firms need access to huge amount of capital mainly to cover the fixed costs to lay and maintain a physical network (infrastructure, fiber optic cables etc) to the premises of customers. As it is mandatory for the firms to get approval/licenses from PTA, which is both costly, and a tiresome job. Although companies in this industry mostly tended to monopolies regulated by the government up to price controls and moderate to heavy taxation. The telecom industry is already dominated by major players and smaller manufacturers have to struggle, due to high setup costs and market dominations threat of new entrants is low because of: Ø High Government restrictions or legislation Ø Telecom licenses, rights, regional licenses Ø Expected Mergers and Acquisitions Ø High fixed costs Ø High Capital requirements Ø Aggressive competition Bargaining Power of Suppliers There is intense competition between suppliers because of multi-million dollar contracts between Pakistani firms and mostly foreign suppliers. List of suppliers who intensely compete with each other to reach contracts with their business customers. Sometimes suppliers show flexible behavior to maintain the long term relationship with their profit oriented customers. In an telecom industry the manufacturers of telephone switching /switch board equipment, fiber optic cables, network equipment, and billing software makers are low. The prominent names in this industry include Cisco, Alcatel-lucent, Ericsson, Hawawie, ZTE, Samsung, Nortel and Motorola. With the outcome of economic crises and excess capacity and falling demand, the suppliers do not have much power and have to negotiate gently with the telecom companies because of: Ø High availability of substitute inputs Ø Competitive suppliers of telecom equipment Ø Low degree of differentiation of inputs, due to high component standardization. Bargaining Power of Consumer Consumer have high power because customer influence in pricing and shifts towards other sellers if he/she is not satisfied with the quality or price of the product or services. Consumers have very high buying power in telecom sector because though they have many options to choose from especially in Voice segment. Firms are now more concentrating on providing after sales services. Most of the products in the telecom sector industry have not much difference while some may have considerable differences. The increasing trend of communication like email, instant messaging, is declining the importance of voice services. Ø Switching to another product is simple Ø Customers are price sensitive Ø Consumers have high product knowledge Ø Switching costs are low Ø Availability of existing substitute products Plenty of choice of several technologies and other communication means available, enhanced the buyers power. Threat of Substitute Products There are many substitutes available in market. In case of unsatisfactionwith any of the feature customers can easily switch to the other because he/she has the almost exact or the same kind of substitutes. Many of the substitute products and services have emerged in voice, data and entertainment in telecom due to the technological breakthroughs. Switching power is high in telecom sector characterize by high technological developments and fast availability of alternative substitutes. Some of these are more convenient and offer far greater value to the consumer and have diminished the importance of traditional fixed line phones. Substitutes include Broadband, Wireless broadband, DigitalTv, IP Telephony, Mobile phones, Satellite, Email, and Instant Messaging etc. Rivalry among Competitors Due to growth opportunities and government focus on the telecom sector, there is a strong likelihood that competition will gradually increase as new firms enter the industry. there are many existing competitors of world call. The intensity among current rivals is intense and they are mostly competing on technological bases to create competitive advantages. Industry rivalry has become extremely intense with the emergence of new competing firms leading to price cuts across the industry. Ø Companies can only grow by stealing market share away from competitors. Ø Telecom industry with a very high growth. Ø Advertising intensity and spending are very high. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Technical infrastructure HFC-cable Product range Working in major cities Reputation Balanced sales Reliable wireless broadband Weaknesses High dependence on Voice segment Weak marketing Lacking a proper long-term strategy Weak brand positioning Less focus on short-term profitability Infrastructure varies from location to locations ERP implementation taking too long Opportunities Demand increased for backhaul network Cross-sell in major cities Increased demand for LDI and Broadband Privatization of government telecom projects PTA delayed 3G licenses Threats Economy instability CaTV operators alliance Threat by WiMax or other 4G technologies Government policies Increased consumer churn rate Heavy Price competition SWOT Matrix BCG Matrix Core Competencies Analysis The core competences that we have analyzed are Strong Dark Fiber Largest (hybrid fiber coaxial) HFC/Cable Operator (CATV, IOC, VoIP/MSAN Telephony) in Pakistan. Premium WLL and LDI operator in Pakistan. Specific Specialties Worldcall has taken the lead in introducing innovative telecommunication services in Pakistan: Supervised Payphones business model in Pakistan which is now being followed by many other operators largest fixed line payphone infrastructure. The first company to introduce prepaid calling card services in the country. Worldcall developed the first ever broadband HFC convergence Infrastructures in Pakistan the only operator in Pakistan and one of the few in the region to provide a triple play (CATV, broadband internet, telephony) Worldcall was the first operator in Pakistan to commission a state of the art next generation network (â€Å"NGN†) covering long distance international (â€Å"LDI†) inbound and outbound, local loop (â€Å"LL†) / wireless local loop (â€Å"WLL†) telephony services. This is a fully converged architecture enabling wireless solutions and hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) telephony. Strategies Undertaken at: Corporate level:- As the other firms have strategies, WorldCall also has strategies at different levels. In corporate level strategies they basically discuss the current business status as well as the future of the current business. Then they decided in meetings, that in which sector they have to add something and in which sector they want to remove something. They are mainly concerned with: What kind of businesses they want themselves in? How they should manage all sectors or businesses? Types of diversifications they are following Related Business Diversification WorldCall mainly focus in Related Business Diversification. As many good and effective service of WorldCall the broadband service of WorldCall has good growth and opportunity. In this same line of business they diversify their business and there diversification is very much effective for them. They are introducing new and new things in this same line of business that have so many opportunities now a day in Pakistan. WorldCall has made its place in the current market by offering several and unique services. People want now a days some modernized services and WorldCall is properly working to promote these kinds of services. Some of the services are as follows (Video on Demand, cable TV, internet over cable). Currently the Company has several ongoing projects like HFC cable, Point-To-Point corporate broadband services, VSAT (satellite broadband) and DigitalTV which are in the different phases of roll out, all aimed at provisioning of sophisticated data and video services. Reasons for re lated diversification:- To reduce the risk!!! High Compatibility with technical infrastructure!!!!! Support some losses in other segments!! Defensive Strategy WorldCall in September 2009 completed the divesture of its foreign subsidiary WorldCall Lanka. They thought that this should be no more in their business. Forward Integration Although in a very poor state WorldCall is using Franchising as their forward integration strategy, however they do not have much control on their franchises. Product / Service Portfolio Management WorldCall has successfully introduced True Video-On-Demand technology. They have also started WorldCall Wireless Broadband with EVDO technology in the product portfolio. Another very effective service was pay phones and in 2009 officially phased out. Product Development Strategy The product development strategies are one of the most important strategies that should be in business if you want to survive in the market or in the business world. Worldcall is also using product development strategies as it involves development of telecom services and products. They have first mover advantage in CDMA2000 based EVDO wireless broadband. CDMA2000 represents a family of ITU-approved, IMT-2000 (3G) standards and includes CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV technologies. They deliver increased network capacity to meet growing demand for wireless services and high-speed data services. CDMA(code division multiple access) is the fastest growing wireless technology and it will continue to grow at a faster pace than any other technology. It is the platform on which 2G and 3G advanced services are built. Market Development Strategy In market development strategy you have to develop your market, worldcall has developed its market after making analysis. For example WorldCall EVDO Wireless Broadband was initially launched in Karachi followed by Lahore to other major cities including Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Multan and to inclusively to 50 major cities of Pakistan. Same is the expansion of Cable TV service to major cities of Pakistan. Business level strategies WorldCall offers many services under than head of 3 Major Business Segments WorldCall Data WorldCall Voice WorldCall Entertainment WorldCall Data (EVDO Wireless Broadband) WorldCall is following differentiation strategy for WorldCall EVDO wireless because the size of market is large and the product is differentiated for its performance and mobility. WorldCall Voice (LDI Services) WorldCall is following cost-leadership strategy in LDI because of intense and dynamic price competition in LDI market WorldCall Entertainment (Video On Demand) WorldCalls relatively new service is using â€Å"Focus-Value Strategy† because the target market is very small and product offers high degree of control with respect to traditional cable TV. MARKET ANALYSIS Telecom Sectors according to PTA : The Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA) has forced the incumbent fixed-line and broadband operatorPakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd (PTCL) to enter a formal interconnection agreement with rival operators in the xDSL broadband market. The broadband operators, many of which are small and privately owned, have petitioned for reasonable access to PTCLs fixed-line network to help them reduce costs and offer more competitive tariffs. BMI(Business Monitor International) has consistently identified cost as being the single largest barrier to growth in the Pakistani broadband market. In India, where the government is actively pushing for growth, broadband services are available for US$8 per month. In Pakistan however, such services average US$16 per month. With the countrys mobile operators electing to deploy wireless broadband mainly in urban areas, customers in many smaller population centres have little or no high-speed access to the internet. Broadband Growth Now Possible

King Arthur Essay examples -- Essays Papers

King Arthur Character Analysis Although King Arthur is one of the most well-known figures in the world, his true identity remains a mystery. Attempts to identify the historical Arthur have been unsuccessful, since he is largely a product of fiction. Most historians, though, agree that the real Arthur was probably a battle leader of the Britons against the Anglo-Saxons in the sixthth century. In literature, King Arthur's character is unique and ever changing, taking on a different face in every work. There is never a clearly definitive picture that identifies Arthur's character. It is therefore necessary to look at a few different sources to get better insight into the character of Arthur, the once and future king. GRAPH Arthurian literature can be divided into two basic categories, pseudo-histories and romances. The main difference between the two is that pseudo-histories such as Wace and much of the Celtic work, for example, Geoffrey of Monmouth show Arthur as a strong, central character, making him the dominant figure in the story. He is the one who goes on quests and battles, gaining respect and glory for his court. In romances, however, Arthur is most often overshadowed by his knights, staying mainly in the background as the source and the inspiration behind their great chivalric deeds. GRAPH The first written chronicle of Arthur's adventures comes from Nennius, a monk from North Wales. In his ninth century writing, Nennius tells of Arthur's twelve victories over the Saxons but describes him only as a dux bellorum "a leader of battles" and not a king. It was Geoffrey of Monmouth who first proclaimed Arthur as king in his twelft... ... continues to personify the ideal of the chivalric code and remains a glorious, beloved, and respected king whose authority stays intact despite his weaknesses. These qualities make King Arthur a true legend, which continues to fascinate and intrigue audiences throughout the generations. Sources of information Abrams, M. H. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1993. Cavallo, Adolfo Salvatore.Medieval Tapestries in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1993. Lacy, Norris J. The Arthurian Encyclopedia. New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1986. Broughton, Bradford B. Dictionary of Medieval Knighthood and Chivalry: Concepts and Terms. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986. Camelot and Arthurian Legend: Arthur. online 4/27/98 http://www.eliki.com/ancient/myth/camelot/arthur